Quick answer: Bone Control nodes consume upstream pose and output. Place them in order; final node feeds Output Pose. Don't put a bone control after another node that overrides.
Spine Twist applied via Modify Bone. State Machine plays. No twist visible. Modify Bone was upstream of an animation montage that overrode the pose.
The Fix
Anim Graph (top to bottom evaluation):
StateMachine
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Layered Blend Per Bone (upper-body montage)
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Modify Bone (Spine_03 twist by AimYaw) // after blend
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Output Pose
Each node receives the previous output and may modify or replace it. Place modifications where they should win.
Verifying
Aim left/right: spine twists. With node ordered earlier: invisible because layered blend overrode.
“Order matters. Last write wins.”
Related Issues
For Anim BP cached pose, see cached pose. For Control Rig flicker, see Control Rig.
Order top-down. Last wins.