Quick answer: Layer Mask = target layer. Override Pass Tag matches your shader pass (UniversalForward typical).

You add a Render Objects feature for an outline pass. Frame Debugger shows zero draws. Layer Mask was “Default” but enemies live on layer Enemy.

The Fix

URP Renderer Asset → Render Objects:
  Filters:
    Queue:                Opaque
    Layer Mask:           Enemy   // match target layer
    LightMode Tags:       UniversalForward
  Overrides:
    Material:             M_Outline (with UniversalForward pass)

Outline shader graph:
  Pass Tags:              LightMode = UniversalForward

Both filters must agree. Frame Debugger shows the feature's pass with non-zero draws after fix.

Verifying

Enable feature: outline draws. Disable: outline gone. Mismatched tag: empty pass.

“Layer right. Tag right. Pass renders.”

Related Issues

For URP feature order, see order. For URP decal on skinned, see URP decal.

Layer + tag. Pass draws.